5 Common Solenoid Valve Failure Modes

Solenoid valves are critical components in fluid control systems, and their performance depends on proper design, installation, and maintenance. Despite careful engineering, they can still fail due to various issues. Contamination, or foreign object debris (FOD), is a major cause of failure. Particles within hydraulic or pneumatic fluids can damage internal components, block movement, or clog flow paths, resulting in malfunctions such as leaks, overheating, or complete system failure. Preventative filtration, clean handling, and regular maintenance are essential to minimize contamination risks.

Pressure-related failures also pose significant threats. Excessive or fluctuating pressure may cause damage or leakage, while insufficient pressure may lead to unstable valve operation, especially in decoupled designs reliant on fluid pressure for component movement. Electrical issues, such as shorts, overheating, or poor power connections, can prevent the solenoid coil from energizing. Surge protection, proper voltage matching, and secure connections are critical safeguards.

Improper installation can degrade performance, causing leaks, misalignments, or power disruptions. Following manufacturer guidelines helps ensure optimal function. Additionally, industry-specific requirements from organizations like ISO, ASME, and API govern solenoid valve safety and performance, making compliance essential.

Routine inspections, testing, and adherence to specifications help maintain valve functionality and system reliability. The Lee Company offers a wide variety of solenoid valves tailored to applications ranging from medical devices to oilfield equipment. Their expert guidance can assist in selecting the right valve to meet operational demands and industry standards, ensuring dependable performance and longevity in complex systems.